Power amplifier and speaker matching skills and precautions

For the matching problem between power amplifier and sound, in addition to soft matching of timbre ( Timbre collocation is often said to be soft and hard, which is based on the designer's design and materials for timbre direction, and has its characteristics and personality)There are also some hard collocations on technical indicators. Soft collocation is the accumulation of experience and personal hobbies based on actual feelings, while hard collocation is determined by data and basic technical knowledge. Here are some questions about hard collocation. Impedance matching 1. Vacuum tube power amplifier (Gallbladder machine) When matching with the Speaker, the output impedance of the amplifier should be equal to the speaker impedance, otherwise the output power will be reduced and the distortion will be increased. Fortunately, most gallbladder machines have variable output impedance matching interfaces such as 4-8-16 ohms, matching with speaker impedance has become simpler. 2. For transistors power amplifier (Stone machine)Matching with speaker impedance A) When the speaker impedance is higher than the power amplifier output impedance, there is no other influence except the output power is reduced to varying degrees. B) When the speaker impedance is lower than the power amplifier output impedance, the output power increases proportionally, and the distortion is generally not increased or increased a little negligible. However, the impedance of the speaker cannot be too low when matching, such as As low as 2 OM (Refers to 2 4 om speakers connected in parallel) At this time, only power amplifier has a large amount of power richness and uses high-power tubes with good performance and multi-tube parallel push-pull, which generally has no effect on such power amplifier. On the contrary, the amount of ordinary power amplifier is not large, while the pcm and lcm of power amplifier tubes are not large. When the volume is turned on again, the distortion will obviously increase and the box will be destroyed in serious cases, cut attention. Power matching 1. In principle, when the rated power of the speaker is inconsistent with the rated power of the power amplifier, for the power amplifier, its power is only related to the impedance of the speaker, it has nothing to do with the rated power of the speaker. Regardless of whether the power of the speaker is the same as that of the power amplifier, it has no effect on the work of the power amplifier, but is only related to the safety of the speaker itself. 2. If the impedance of the Speaker meets the matching requirements and the bearing power is smaller than the power amplifier power, the pushing power is sufficient and sounds very comfortable. This is often said that the power amplifier reserve power is large, in order to fully express the full connotation of music, especially the low frequency part of music, the performance is more vivid and powerful. This is a better match. 3. If the rated impedance of the speaker is greater than the rated power of the power amplifier, although both can work safely, the power amplifier is not enough to push the power, and the loudness is insufficient, it often appears that it has reached saturation, the distortion is aggravated, and it still feels powerless. This is a poor match. Match by damping coefficient, for selecting a pair of Hi- For Fi speakers, there should be the best specific electrical damping requirements ( Responsible speaker manufacturers should provide this data, referring to the requirements for the power amplifier damping coefficient. To be clear, if you want to match this speaker, what is the power amplifier damping coefficient required). Under normal circumstances, the damping coefficient of power amplifier is better. When the damping coefficient of low power amplifier is less than 10, the low frequency characteristics, output characteristics and higher harmonic characteristics of the speaker will deteriorate. ( The damping number of household power amplifier is generally between tens and hundreds. ) There are a lot of matching heating lines for wires, which are as expensive as tens of thousands of yuan, followed by thousands to thousands of yuan ,(Of course, there are also hundreds of dollars or less)The effect of using it is a matter of opinion. Good wires will generally improve some deficiencies in audio equipment. Its transmission theory is too complicated to describe. The material and structure of the transmission line determine three important parameters, namely resistance, capacitance and inductance ( There are also electromagnetic effects, skin collection effects, proximity effects, reactance, etc) Although these parameters are slightly different, they will directly affect the frequency characteristics, damping characteristics, signal rate, phase accuracy, timbre orientation and sound field positioning of the sound system. Its main function is High Speed Transmission (Minimize signal loss)Anti-vibration, anti-noise, anti-interference ( Mainly radio wave RFI radio frequency interference and EMI electromagnetic wave interference, etc)